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American Mahjong Card Sections Explained

The annual American mahjong card groups winning hands into named sections. Those section names are not separate rule systems; they are pattern families that help players scan for hands built around similar numbers, honors, or group sizes.

Common card sections

Year
Hands that use the digits of the current year, often mixed with flowers, dragons, or grouped numbers.
2468
Even-number patterns built from 2, 4, 6, and 8 in one or more suits.
Any Like Numbers
Hands that repeat the same chosen number across different suits.
Quints
Hands containing groups of five identical tiles, which generally require at least one joker.
Consecutive Run
Hands based on neighboring numbers such as 3-4-5 or 6-7-8.
13579
Odd-number patterns using 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9.
Winds and Dragons
Honor-heavy hands centered on compass winds and dragon tiles.
Singles and Pairs
Concealed hands composed only of single tiles and pairs, with no joker substitution.

How to scan the card efficiently

  • Inventory pairs, repeated numbers, flowers, winds, and dragons first.
  • Compare two or three sections that match those strengths.
  • Read suit requirements and color changes exactly.
  • Check whether the hand is exposed or concealed.
  • Count hard-to-find pairs and singles before committing.

Section name versus exact hand

The section gives a direction

It narrows the kind of structure you are considering, such as even numbers or consecutive values.

The line gives the legal hand

Only the exact printed line determines suits, group sizes, tile count, exposure status, and whether the hand can win.

Card-section questions

Do the sections stay the same every year?

Many familiar section families return, but the exact hands and arrangements change. Always use the current card.

Should beginners study one section at a time?

That can help during practice, but live play still requires comparing several sections before choosing a hand.

Which section is easiest?

No section is always easiest. The best choice is the one that matches the rack with the fewest difficult gaps.