American Mahjong Pass Directions Explained
The Charleston uses a fixed directional pattern: right, across, and left. When a second Charleston is played, the sequence reverses back through left, across, and right. Remembering the pattern prevents one of the most common beginner setup mistakes.
The first Charleston moves out and around
Begin by passing three tiles to the player on your right. The second pass goes directly across the table. The third pass goes to the player on your left.
Everyone passes at the same time. Keep the three tiles together and place them where the receiving player can clearly identify the packet.
The directional sequence
Right
Pass three tiles to the player immediately on your right.
Across
Pass three tiles to the player seated opposite you.
Left
Pass three tiles to the player immediately on your left.
Optional second Charleston
When the table continues, reverse the pattern: left, across, right.
Courtesy pass
Eligible players may then exchange an agreed number of tiles with the player across.
Avoid directional mistakes
- Say the direction aloud before releasing each packet.
- Wait until all players have selected three tiles.
- Place across-pass packets toward the center rather than diagonally.
- Do not mix an incoming packet into the rack until the pass is complete.
- Pause immediately if two packets appear to be headed to one player.
Direction and tile choice are separate decisions
The direction tells you where the packet goes; it does not change which tiles are legally passable. Jokers may not be passed, and the current rules govern any blind-pass option.
Pass-direction questions
Does the first Charleston always start right?
Yes, the standard first sequence is right, across, left.
Does every table play the second Charleston?
Follow the recognized rules and the table’s agreed procedure. Do not assume optional portions without confirming them.
Who is “across” at a three-player table?
Three-player adaptations vary, so establish the passing method before the game begins.